Introduction

Libya’s political landscape is complex and fragmented, involving various parties, groups, and tribes. Here’s an overview of the key groups operating.

Major Political Factions

Government of National Unity (GNU)

Based in Tripoli, led by Prime Minister Abdul Hamid Mohammed Dbeibah.

Government of National Stability (GNS)

Based in Sirte, supported by the House of Representatives (HoR) and the Libyan National Army (LNA) under General Khalifa Haftar.

Political Parties

Libya has numerous political parties, including

National Forces Alliance

Justice and Construction Party

National Front Party

Wadi al-Hiya Alliance

Union for Homeland

National Centrist Party

Libyan National Democratic Party

Other parties include

Taghyeer Party

Libu Party

Ensaf Movement

Democratic Party

Homeland Party

Party of Reform and Development

Libyan National Movement

Armed Groups

Several armed groups play significant roles in Libya’s political landscape:

Libyan Arab Armed Forces (LAAF): Led by General Khalifa Haftar.

Deterrence Apparatus for Combating Organized Crime and Terrorism (DACOT)

Stability Support Authority (SSA)

444 Brigade

Influential Tribes

Tribal affiliations remain important in Libyan politics:

Magariha tribe

Has strong ties to the Gaddafi regime.

Misurata tribe

Influential in eastern Libya, particularly in Benghazi and Darneh.

Al-Awaqir tribe

Centered in the Barqah region of Cyrenaica.

Warfalla tribe

One of the largest tribes in Libya.

Beni Salim tribe

Settled in Cyrenaica.

Beni Hilal tribe

Settled in western Libya.

Regional Influences

Various regional nations support different factions in Libya

Turkey: Supports the Government of National Unity in Tripoli.

Egypt, UAE, and Russia: Back the eastern-based administration and Khalifa Haftar.

Conclusion

The complex interplay between these various parties, armed groups, tribes, and foreign influences continues to shape Libya’s political landscape, making the path to stability and national elections challenging.