Introduction

The significance of Awdal state and Khatumo state, both bordering Somaliland, lies in their potential to reshape the political landscape of the region and challenge Somaliland’s territorial claims. Here’s an analysis of their importance.

Due to these two state MOU between Ethiopia and Somaliland is at risk.

Awdal State

Strategic Location

Awdal is located in the northwestern part of Somaliland, bordering Djibouti and Ethiopia. Its coastal position along the Gulf of Aden gives it strategic importance.

Political Developments

In September 2023, the Awdal State Movement (ASM) was established in Ottawa, Canada, aiming to break away from Somaliland and support Somalia’s unity.

This movement challenges Somaliland’s territorial integrity and could potentially weaken its claim to independence.

Economic Significance

The region has become a focal point in recent geopolitical developments, particularly with the Ethiopia-Somaliland MoU that promised Ethiopia access to Somaliland’s coast.

Protests in Awdal against this deal highlight the region’s importance in regional maritime ambitions.

Khatumo State (SSC-Khaatumo)

Territorial Control

In August 2023, Khatumo forces effectively expelled Somaliland troops from Dhulbahante territory, securing most of their claimed area.

This development significantly reduces Somaliland’s effective control over its eastern regions.

Political Stance

SSC-Khaatumo has declared itself an autonomous administration within Somalia, rejecting Somaliland’s claims to independence.

It aims to become part of federal Somalia, further complicating Somaliland’s bid for international recognition.

Implications for Somaliland

Territorial Integrity

The emergence of these states challenges Somaliland’s territorial integrity and its claim to the borders of the former British Somaliland.

International Recognition

The unionist tendencies of both Awdal and Khatumo states could hinder Somaliland’s efforts to gain international recognition as an independent state.

Regional Stability

The situation could lead to increased tensions and potential conflicts, affecting the overall stability of the Horn of Africa region.

Conclusion

Awdal and Khatumo states represent significant challenges to Somaliland’s territorial claims and political aspirations.

Their strategic locations and political stances have the potential to reshape the geopolitical landscape of the region, influencing not only Somaliland’s future but also the broader dynamics of the Horn of Africa.