Introduction

Somaliland, a self-declared independent region that has existed since May 18, 1991, has recently made headlines due to several significant developments

New President Sworn In

On December 14, 2024, Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi was inaugurated as Somaliland’s sixth president.

This follows his victory in the November 13 election, where he secured over 50% of the votes, defeating incumbent Muse Bihi Abdi.

The peaceful election and transition of power have been praised as a testament to Somaliland’s democratic resilience.

Controversial Agreement with Ethiopia

In January 2024, Somaliland signed a memorandum of understanding with Ethiopia. This agreement includes:

Leasing 20 kilometers of coastline to Ethiopia for 50 years

Allowing Ethiopia to establish a naval base

The possibility of Ethiopia recognizing Somaliland’s independence

This deal has sparked significant controversy and tension in the region.

Diplomatic Tensions and Negotiations

The agreement with Ethiopia has led to

Heightened tensions between Somalia and Ethiopia

Somalia rejecting the deal as a violation of its sovereignty

Mediation efforts by Turkey to resolve the dispute

On December 12, 2024, Somalia and Ethiopia agreed in Ankara to hold “technical talks” to address the issue.

This development has put Somaliland at the center of regional diplomacy.

International Recognition Efforts

Somaliland’s new president, Abdullahi, has pledged to intensify efforts for international recognition. The recent election and peaceful transition of power have been seen as boosting Somaliland’s case for recognition.

Regional Implications

The situation has broader implications for the Horn of Africa, involving

Potential shifts in regional alliances

Concerns about stability and security in the area

Questions about sovereignty and self-determination

Conclusion

These recent events have thrust Somaliland into the international spotlight, highlighting its unique position and the complex geopolitics of the region, despite its long-standing de facto independence since 1991.