Introduction

Argentina’s relationship with Israel has been shaped by a series of historical events and diplomatic developments over the years. Here are some key influences:

Establishment of Diplomatic Relations

Early Ties:

Diplomatic relations between Argentina and Israel were established on May 31, 1949, shortly after Israel’s Declaration of Independence. Argentina was the first Latin American country to establish an embassy in Israel, highlighting early diplomatic engagement.

The Eichmann Affair

Operation Eichmann (1960):

The capture of Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann by Israeli Mossad agents in Buenos Aires strained relations between the two countries. Argentina accused Israel of violating its sovereignty, leading to a United Nations Security Council debate and temporary diplomatic tensions.

Terrorist Attacks in Argentina

1992 and 1994 Bombings: Two major terrorist attacks targeted Jewish and Israeli sites in Argentina—the bombing of the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires in 1992 and the AMIA Jewish community center in 1994.

These attacks, attributed to Hezbollah with alleged Iranian backing, significantly impacted Argentina’s Jewish community and its relations with Israel.

Political Shifts and Alignments

Kirchner Era (2007-2015):

Under President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, Argentina maintained relations with Iran, which was controversial given Iran’s alleged involvement in the AMIA bombing. This period saw Argentina supporting Palestinian statehood, which occasionally put it at odds with Israeli interests.

Milei Administration (2023-Present):

The election of President Javier Milei marked a significant shift towards stronger support for Israel. Milei’s government has designated Hamas as a terrorist organization and expressed strong pro-Israel policies, including plans to move the Argentine embassy to Jerusalem.

Economic and Cultural Cooperation

Trade and Agreements: Over the years, Argentina and Israel have signed various agreements covering trade, agriculture, education, and cultural exchanges. These agreements have fostered economic ties and cultural understanding between the two nations.

Conclusion

Argentina’s relationship with Israel has been influenced by a combination of historical events, political changes, and strategic interests that have evolved over time.