Introduction

The global public view of Hezbollah is complex and divided:

Western and allied countries’ perspective:

The United States, many European countries, and several Arab states designate Hezbollah as a terrorist organization, either in its entirety or its military wing.

These countries view Hezbollah as a destabilizing force in the Middle East, citing its involvement in terrorist activities, its opposition to Israel, and its ties to Iran.

Lebanese perspective:

Within Lebanon, views are sharply divided along sectarian lines:

93% of Shias have a positive view of Hezbollah

Only 34% of Sunnis and 29% of Christians view Hezbollah positively

Overall, a 2024 Arab Barometer survey found that 55% of Lebanese have “no trust at all” in Hezbollah, though it remains popular among the Shia population.

Arab and Muslim world:

Views are mixed, with some countries like Iran and Syria supporting Hezbollah, while others, particularly Gulf states, have designated it a terrorist organization.

The Arab League declared Hezbollah a terrorist organization in 2016, though this decision was not supported by Lebanon or Iraq.

Hezbollah’s self-portrayal:

Hezbollah bills itself as a Shiite resistance movement and a legitimate political party in Lebanon.

It has evolved from a purely militant group to a significant political and social force in Lebanon, operating schools, hospitals, and other social services.

Academic and analytical perspectives:

Some scholars consider Hezbollah a left-wing political movement focused on social justice and anti-capitalism.

Others view it as a hybrid organization that combines elements of a political party, a militant group, and a social services provider.

International impact:

Hezbollah’s involvement in regional conflicts, particularly in Syria, has further complicated its image.

Its military capabilities and ties to Iran have raised concerns about its potential to destabilize the region.

Conclusion

while Hezbollah presents itself as a legitimate political and resistance movement, it is widely viewed as a terrorist organization by Western and some Arab countries. However, it maintains significant support among Lebanon’s Shia population and some other groups in the region. The global view is thus divided between those who see it primarily as a terrorist group destabilizing the Middle East and those who view it as a legitimate political and social movement with a military wing.